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The Webster/Dudley Band of the Chaubunagungamaug Nipmuck Indians, also known as the Chaubunagungamaug, Chaubunagungamaug Nipmuck, Pegan or Dudley Indians, are a Native American tribe indigenous to the U.S. states of Massachusetts and Connecticut in the region of New England. They are one of three tribes with state recognition in Massachusetts as a tribe of Nipmuck Indians, including the Hassanamisco Nipmuc and the Natick Massachusett, although the latter are mainly descended from the Massachusett people. Members trace their ancestry to Nipmuck that lived between Lake Chaubunagungamaug and the Maanexit River. Contact with English settlers began in the 1630s, as the colonists began following the Indian trails to new settlements in the Pioneer Valley or the Pequot War (1634-1638). By the 1670s, the Chaubunagungamaug Nipmuck came under the nominal control of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and under the expanding missionary influence of the Rev. John Eliot, leading to the establishment of a 'Praying Town of Chabanakongkomun' in 1674.〔Cogley, R. W. (2009). ''(John eliot's mission to the indians before king philip's war )'' (pp. 157-166). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.〕 After the ravages of King Philip's War (1675-1676), the Chaubunagungamaug Nipmuck were awarded a reservation in 1682. This reservation was sold in 1870, following the passage of the Massachusetts Indian Enfranchisement Act the year prior, forcing the tribe to disperse and assimilate into the surrounding communities.〔 The tribe incorporated in 1981, and subsequently received state recognition from the Massachusetts Commission on Indian Affairs. Private land in Webster, Massachusetts and Thompson, Connecticut is used by the tribe as its unofficial reservation.〔Blumenthal, R. Connecticut Department of Justice, Office of the Attorney General, Indian Affairs. (2002). ''Comments of the state of connecticut and the northeastern connecticut council of governments on the proposed findings on the petitions for tribal acknowledgement of the nipmuc nation and the webster/dudley band of the chaubunagungamaug nipmuck indians''. Retrieved from http://www.ct.gov/ag/lib/ag/press_releases/2002/indian/nipmuc_brief.pdf.〕 Members worked closely with the Hassanamisco Nipmuc under Nipmuc Nation, especially in regards to federal recognition, but the tribe split from Nipmuc Nation in 1996. Many of the Chaubunagungamaug Nipmuck remain affiliated with Nipmuc Nation, where they are counted amongst the Hassanamisco Nipmuc. The tribe was denied federal recognition as an Indian tribe in 2001, 2004 and 2007 decisions from the Bureau of Indian Affairs.〔Artman, C. J. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs. (2007). (In re federal acknowledgement of the webster/dudley band of chaubunagungamaug nipmuck indians ) (IBIA 01-154-A). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.〕 ==Ethnonyms== The tribe is unique for its preference for the spelling Nipmuck as opposed to the more commonly used 'Nipmuc.' Both derive from ''nippamaug'' ('freshwater fishing pond'). This can be seen in Massachusett cognates such as ''nippe'' ('water')〔Trumbull, J. H. (1903). ''(Natick dictionary: A new england indian lexicon ).'' Issue 25. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 85, 342.〕 and ''-amaug'' ('fish taken by hook').〔Trumbull, J. H. (1903). p. 7.〕〔Hodge, R. W. (2006). Handbook of american indians, north of mexico. (Vol. II). Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Pub. p. 74.〕 Chaubunagungamaug signifies a 'boundary fishing place' or 'fishing place at the boundary,' named after the historical zoning of fishing rights between the Chaubunagungamaug and the Monuhchogok (Manchaug), a related people on the opposite shores of the lake. The full name of the lake is 'Chargoggagoggmanchauggagoggchaubunagungamaugg.' Massachusett cognates include ''()chabenumoónk'' ('boundary,' 'division' or 'separation'), and probably related to ''chippenau'' ('he divides'),〔Trumbull, J. H. (1903). p. 21.〕 and the suffix ''-amaug'' ('fishing pond').〔 A variant, 'Chabanakongkomun', was used by Eliot himself, and the Indian converts of the Praying town came to be known as the Praying Indians of Chabanakongkomun.〔Cogley. R. W. (2009). pp. 155-166.〕 In the 18th century, the tribe was known as the Pegan Indians (not to be confused with Piegan Blackfoot) because of the prevalent nature of the surname Pegan amongst its members. It is related to the indigenous elements ''pegan-'' and ''pahegan-'' ('bare,' 'barren' or 'treeless') found in local topography.〔Huden, J. C. (1962). ''(Indian place names of new england ).'' New York, NY: Heye Foundation, Museum of the American Indian. pp. 387-394.〕〔Galvin, W. F. Massachusetts Historical Commission (MHC), (2007). Historic & archaeological resources of central massachusetts: A framework for preservation decisions. Boston, Massachusetts: Massachusetts Historical Society.〕 Most of the other common names for the tribe the location of the reservation lands which were first granted in Dudley, Massachusetts and then later moved to another part that was ceded to form the town of Webster, Massachusetts. By the 19th century, the tribe came to be known as the Dudley, Webster-Dudley and Webster Indians.〔 In 1996, the tribe adopted the formal name of the Webster/Dudley Band of the Chaubunagungamaug Nipmuck Indians.〔McCaleb, N. A. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs. (2001). (Summary under the criteria and evidence for proposed finding: Webster/dudley band of chaubunagungamaug nipmuck indians ) (CBN-V001-D005). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chaubunagungamaug Nipmuck」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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